Ua hoʻolaha ke Keʻena Kālepa o ʻAmelika i ka lā 24 o Kepakemapa ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kahi "232 hoʻokolokolo" e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana mai i nā magnet mau Neodymium-iron-boron (Neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets) e hōʻino i ka palekana aupuni o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.ʻO kēia ka "232 hoʻokolokolo" mua i hoʻomaka ʻia e ka hoʻokele Biden mai ka wā i noho ai.Ua ʻōlelo ke Keʻena Kālepa o ʻAmelika e hoʻohana ʻia nā mea magnet permanent NdFeB i nā ʻōnaehana palekana aupuni koʻikoʻi e like me nā mokulele fighter a me nā ʻōnaehana alakaʻi missile, nā ʻōnaehana koʻikoʻi e like me nā kaʻa uila a me nā turbines makani, a me nā kamepiula paʻakikī, nā mea leo, nā mea hoʻonaninani magnetic. a me nā kula ʻē aʻe.

I Pepeluali o kēia makahiki, ua kauoha ʻo Pelekikena Biden i nā keʻena federal e hana i kahi loiloi 100 mau lā o ke kaulahao hoʻolako o nā huahana koʻikoʻi ʻehā: semiconductor, nā minerala honua ʻokoʻa, nā pihi mana nui no nā kaʻa uila, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.Ma nā hopena noiʻi he 100 lā i waiho ʻia iā Biden ma Iune 8, ua manaʻo ʻia e loiloi ka US Department of Commerce inā e noiʻi i nā neodymium magnets e like me ka Paukū 232 o ka Trade Expansion Act o 1962. he kuleana koʻikoʻi i nā kaʻa a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe, a he mea nui no ka pale aupuni a me nā noi ʻoihana kīwila.Eia naʻe, ke hilinaʻi nui nei ʻo ʻAmelika i ka lawe ʻana mai no kēia huahana kī.

ʻO ka pilina ma waena o nā neodymium iron boron magnets a me nā motika

Hoʻohana ʻia nā magnet boron hao Neodymium i nā kaʻa hoʻokele mau.ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa maʻamau maʻamau, ʻo ia: nā motika DC mau loa, nā motika AC mau loa, a me nā ʻenekini paʻa DC ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā kaʻa DC brush, nā kaʻa brushless, a me nā kaʻa wāwae.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kaʻa AC magnet paʻa i nā motor magnet mau loa, nā motor servo magnet mau, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e like me ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā kaʻa kaʻa mau loa a me nā kaʻa hoʻololi mau.

ʻO nā pono o nā neodymium iron boron magnets

Ma muli o nā waiwai magnetic maikaʻi loa o nā mea magnet neodymium, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia nā māla magnetic mau me ka ʻole o ka ikehu hou ma hope o ka magnetization.ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenekini paʻa mau loa ma mua o nā māla uila maʻamau ʻaʻole i kiʻekiʻe i ka pono, akā maʻalahi hoʻi i ke ʻano, hilinaʻi i ka hana, liʻiliʻi i ka nui a me ka māmā i ke kaumaha.ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō wale i ka hana kiʻekiʻe (e like me ka ultra-high efficiency, ultra-high speed, ultra-high response speed) ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā motika hoʻohiwahiwa uila kahiko, akā hiki nō ke hoʻokō i nā koi hana kūikawā o nā kaʻa kūikawā e like me ka traction elevator. nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻa kaʻa.ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā kaʻa kaʻa mau loa me ka ʻenehana uila mana a me ka ʻenehana mana microcomputer e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka rotor magnet mau loa a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻouna i kahi pae hou.No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā lako ʻenehana he alakaʻi hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi no ka ʻoihana kaʻa e hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano ʻoihana.

He ʻāina ʻo Kina me ka mana hana nui o nā magnet neodymium.Wahi a ka ʻikepili, ʻo ka nui o ka hana honua o nā neodymium magnets ma 2019 ma kahi o 170,000 tons, kahi o ka hana ʻana o Kina i ka neodymium iron boron ma kahi o 150,000 tons, e helu ana ma kahi o 90%.

ʻO Kina ka mea hana nui loa a me ka mea hoʻopuka i nā honua laha ʻole.ʻO nā uku hou aʻe i kau ʻia e ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa pono e lawe ʻia e Kina.No laila, ʻaʻohe hopena o ka hoʻokolokolo US 232 i ka ʻoihana mīkini uila o Kina.

Hōʻike ʻia e Jessica